The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is an underground Maoist political party in India. It was founded on September 21, 2004, through the merger of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War and the Maoist Communist Centre of India. The merger was announced to the public on October 14 the same year. In the merger a provisional central committee was constituted, with PW leader Ganapati as General Secretary. The CPI (Maoist) are often referred to as Naxalites in reference to the Naxalbari insurrection by radical Maoists in West Bengal in 1967.
Ideology
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is conducting 'people's war', a strategical line developed by Mao Zedong during the phase of guerrilla warfare of the Communist Party of China. Currently it has effective control over some regions of Jharkhand and Andhra Pradesh as well as presence in Bihar and the tribal-dominated areas in the borderlands of Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, West Bengal and Orissa. The CPI(Maoist) aims to consolidate its power in this area and establish a Compact Revolutionary Zone from which to advance the people's war in other parts of India.
Organization
The military wings of the respective organisations, People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (military wing of MCCI) and People's Guerrilla Army (military wing of PW), were also merged. The name of the unified military organisation is People's Liberation Guerrilla Army.
The party is regarded by some as a "left-wing extremist entity" and a terrorist outfit and several of their members have been arrested by the Indian Government under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA) [2][3]. The group is officially banned by the State Governments of Orissa[4], Chattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh, among others. The party has protested these bans.[5] They are regarded as a serious security threat and the Indian government is taking countermeasures, pulling the affected states together to coordinate their response. It says it will combine improved policing with socio-economic measures to defuse grievances that fuel the Maoist cause.[6] In many states, private armies and vigilante groups, often government-sponsored, have sprung up to counter the Maoists. It is alleged that these private armies have also forcibly recruited villagers against the Maoists.[7] Special insurance provisions have been made by the Indian government for paramilitary forces stationed in regions affected by the militant Maoists.[8]
Front Organisations
The PWG also has a string of front organisations of students, youth, industrial workers, miners, farm hands, women, poets, writers and cultural artists. Some among these are listed below:
Andhra Pradesh
Rythu Coolie Sangham (Agricultural labourers association)
Singareni Karmika Samakhya (Singareni collieries workers federation)
Viplava Karmika Samakhya (Revolutionary workers federation)
Radical Students Union
Radical Youth League
All India Revolutionary Students Federation
Bihar
Lok Sangram Morcha (People’s Struggle Front)
Mazddor Kisam Mukti Morcha (Workers-Peasants Liberation Front)
Jan Mukti Parishad (People’s Liberation Council)
Mazdoor Kisan Ekta Morcha (Workers-Peasants Unity Front)
Bharat Navjawan Sabha (Indian Youth Association)
Mazdoor Kisan Sangrami Parishad (Workers-Peasants Struggle Council)
Shramik Sangram Manch (Workers Struggle Platform)
Nari Mukti Sangharsh Samiti (Women’s Liberation Struggle Association)
Sangharsha Jana Mukti Morcha (People’s Liberation Struggle Front)
Democratic Students Union
All India People’s Resistance Forum
Madhya Pradesh
Adivasi Kisan Mazdoor Sangh (Tribal Peasants-Workers Association)
Krantikari Kisan Mazdoor Sangh (Revolutionary Peasants-Workers Association)
Krantikari Balak Sangh (Revolutionary Children’s Association)
Gram Raksha Dal (Village Defence Force)
Gram Rajya Samiti (Village governance council)
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